Accounting glossary

Super (Superannuation)

What superannuation covers, the 12% Super Guarantee rate for 2026, and the SuperStream remittance regime that runs alongside PAYG and STP.

By ExpenseFlow team
· 18 May 2026

Definition

Super (Superannuation) is the Australian compulsory employer-funded retirement savings system. Employers must pay a percentage of each employee’s ordinary time earnings (OTE) into a complying super fund: the Super Guarantee (SG) rate is 12% from 1 July 2026, the stable rate after a gradual ramp-up from 9.5% over the 2021-22 to 2024-25 period. Remittance is quarterly through SuperStream-compliant clearing houses. Late or unpaid super triggers the Superannuation Guarantee Charge (SGC), a significant non-deductible penalty.

What super means in practice

For an Australian bookkeeper, super is the largest single non-wages cost in payroll. On AUD 1,000 of OTE, the employer pays AUD 120 of super (at 12%) on top. This is paid into the employee’s chosen super fund (or the employer’s default fund if the employee has not made a choice), not to the ATO. Super is reported via Single Touch Payroll Phase 2 in real time at each pay run, alongside the gross wages and PAYG withholding.

The remittance mechanism is SuperStream, an electronic data and payment standard that lets employers pay all super contributions in a single SuperStream submission that the clearing house then splits and forwards to the correct super funds. Most accounting platforms (Xero AU, MYOB, QuickBooks Online) include SuperStream-enabled super processing as part of payroll: a single click submits all the super for the quarter.

A practical example: an AU consultancy with 8 employees on a fortnightly payroll cycle. Total OTE for the quarter Q1 2026-27 (Jul-Sep 2026): AUD 240,000. Super at 12%: AUD 28,800. The bookkeeper submits via Xero’s SuperStream integration on 25 October 2026 (ahead of the 28 October deadline). The clearing house splits the AUD 28,800 between 8 different super funds based on each employee’s choice and pays each fund within a few business days. The whole process takes minutes.

How super works by country

Australia

Super Guarantee (SG) rate: 12% of ordinary time earnings from 1 July 2026 (the rate having ramped up from 9.5% in 2021-22 by 0.5pp per year). Quarterly remittance through SuperStream-compliant clearing houses by 28 days after quarter end. Late or unpaid super triggers the Superannuation Guarantee Charge (SGC): a non-deductible penalty equal to the shortfall plus interest plus an administration fee, with the underlying SG amount also losing its deductibility for income tax. The SGC is a meaningful penalty even on small shortfalls and is the reason most AU employers prioritise super payment ahead of the deadline.

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom uses auto-enrolment pension contributions, mandatory for most employers since 2018 (after a phased introduction starting 2012). The default minimum combined contribution is 8% (3% employer, 5% employee including the 1% tax relief that HMRC adds). Employees are auto-enrolled into the employer’s chosen scheme (typically NEST, Smart Pension, The People’s Pension, or Aviva) and can opt out, but are re-enrolled every three years.

Canada

Canada uses Canada Pension Plan (CPP) and (in Quebec) Quebec Pension Plan as the equivalent compulsory contributions. Employer and employee both contribute. The CPP enhancement (CPP2) added a second tier of contributions above the Year’s Maximum Pensionable Earnings starting in 2024, gradually increasing the contribution ceiling.

New Zealand

New Zealand uses KiwiSaver. Employee default 3% (can opt for 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%); employer default 3%. Employees can opt out within 8 weeks of starting a new job; after that they are locked in until 65 or until they take a contributions holiday. Government contribution of NZD 521.43 per member-year (capped) for member contributions of at least NZD 1,042.86 per year.

Singapore

Singapore uses CPF (Central Provident Fund). Rates vary by age band and worker type. Citizens and PRs aged 55 and under: 17% employer, 20% employee = 37% total. Lower rates above 55, reflecting reduced retirement-savings need. Foreign workers (Employment Pass holders) are exempt from CPF.

Super is the AU compulsory retirement contribution:

  • PAYG is the parallel AU income-tax withholding regime.
  • Single Touch Payroll reports super alongside wages and PAYG.
  • Payroll is the broader process super sits inside.
  • NIC is the UK equivalent social-contribution regime (covering wider social benefits than just retirement).

See also

For the AU payroll workflow that super sits alongside, see the payroll and Single Touch Payroll entries.

FAQ

See the answered questions above for the 2026 SG rate, ordinary time earnings, and remittance deadlines.

Questions, answered

Common questions

What is the 2026 Super Guarantee rate?

12% of ordinary time earnings from 1 July 2026. The Super Guarantee rate has ramped up from 9.5% in 2021-22 by 0.5 percentage points each year: 10% in 2021-22, 10.5% in 2022-23, 11% in 2023-24, 11.5% in 2024-25, 12% from 1 July 2025 onward. The 12% rate is now the stable position; no further legislated increases at this point.

What are 'ordinary time earnings' for super purposes?

Earnings from ordinary hours of work: regular salary or wages, casual loading, paid leave, allowances that are part of the employee's regular pay. It does NOT include overtime payments (in most cases), reimbursement of expenses, redundancy payments, or one-off lump sums. The definition matters because super is calculated on OTE, not total wages, and a misclassification produces super shortfalls that trigger the SGC penalty.

When is super remittance due?

Quarterly, by 28 days after the end of each quarter. Q1 (Jul-Sep): due 28 October. Q2 (Oct-Dec): due 28 January. Q3 (Jan-Mar): due 28 April. Q4 (Apr-Jun): due 28 July. Remittance must be via a SuperStream-compliant clearing house (most accounting platforms include SuperStream-enabled super processing). Late or unpaid super triggers the Superannuation Guarantee Charge (SGC), which is non-deductible and includes interest plus an administration fee.

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